Start of date:

           

                  Start of date:

 In volume 7 of Umad-ul-Qari, Allama Badruddin says with reference to the beginning of objective history:

 When the human population on earth began to expand, the need for history began to be felt.

  From becoming a minister in Egypt, then from the Exodus of Moses (peace be upon him), then from David (peace be upon him), immediately after him from Solomon (peace be upon him) and then from Jesus (peace be upon him).  After that, each nation would listen to an important event in its territory, for example, the Red Nation would hear of the Taba'iyah event, the Ghassan nation would hear of the Alexandrian Dam, and the people of Sana'a would hear of the Abyssinian invasion of Yemen.  The nation based its history on national events and characteristics, just as the Arabs based great events on history, so the Arabs were the first to wage war on Basus (this is the famous battle that Bakr ibn Wael and the Prophet Zahl  Between forty years due to a camel in between) began history.  Then the Battle of Dahs (which lasted for half a century between the Bani Abbas and the Bani Zabian when they got ahead of a horse in a horse race) began with the Battle of Ghabra, then the Battle of Dhi Qar and then the Battle of Fajjar.

 After that, one of the forefathers of the Holy Prophet used to calculate the years and dates from an incident in Ka'b, then from the incident of the Companions of the Elephant, even the term common elephant became common among them. But it is so clear that the Romans  And the part of history begins with the conquests of the Greeks, especially Alexander the Great.  It is considered the beginning of time.

 Some gentlemen have divided history into 3 periods:

 1-Early centuries, which is the Roman Empire from the beginning of the world.

 2. The Middle Ages, from the end of the Roman Empire to the conquest of Constantinople.

 3- The end of the century and the conquest of Constantinople

 There are four types of history:

 1-General history:

 In which the condition of men all over the world should be described.

 2-Special date:

 In which the state of a nation or a country or a family empire is described.

 3-Traditional history:

 In which the narrator's statement is recorded on the basis of his observation.

 4-History of wisdom:

 Which has been compiled by archeological, movable and rational estimates.

 History source and its benefits:

 The source of history is also divided into 3 parts:

 1- Strong effects:

 All written things, such as books, memos, office papers, old decisions, documents, etc.

 2-Movable Traces:

 Common language such as stories, poems, proverbs, etc.

 3-Archeology:

 Signs of old times, such as ruined castles of cities, houses, books, pictures, etc.

 Advantages of history:

 In the case of Ibn Khaldun, Allama Ibn Khaldun, looking at the benefits of history, writes:

 History is an art and it is an art that has many benefits and the best results and the knowledge of history gives us the morals of the former nations, the circumstances, the pure biography of the prophets.

 And enlightens the governments of the kings and the politics of the thigh, so that whoever wants to follow any of them in religious and worldly matters can do so.

 Maulana Mohammad Mian, the author of Tarikh-e-Islam, while explaining the purpose and benefit of history, writes that:

 Calendar Research and Needs:

 A calendar is very much needed to preserve the events of the past and to determine the date of future transactions, transactions, etc., because without a calendar, the history of the past can be known, not the future.  The date can be set.

 Types of calendars:

 It should be noted that there are many types of calendars in the world, which are based on 3 things: 1- Sun, 2- Moon and 3- Stars.

 Therefore, there are three basic calendars: 1- solar, 2- lunar, 3- astronomical.

 Then there are 3 types of solar calendars:

 1-Christian history:

 The Christian history (also called the English history and the Gregorian history) is solar.  This date is common from the birth of Jesus or the crucifixion of Jesus according to the Christian falsehood, beginning in January and ending in December.

 2-History of Bakrami / Hindi:

 The Hindi year is called Basant.  Another name for this history is Bikram.  The months are: Chit, Besakh, Jeth, Asarh, Sawan, Bhadon, Kanwar, Katak, Aghan, Pos, Magh, Pahgan.  It is said to have been prevalent in Gujarat Kathiawar about 637 BC and 57 BC.

 3-Crop History:

 The year is basically solar, it was designed during the reign of King Akbar for the collection of wealth and other official arrangements.

 Apart from these, there are other calendars, such as Roman history, divine history.

 Roman History:

 History dates back to the time of Alexander the Great, in which 2286 solar years passed in 1975. Its other name is Alexander the Great. It dates from 282 BC.  These are:

 1- The first Tashreen 2- The last Tashreen 3- The first Kanoon 4- The last Kanoon 5- Shabat 6- Azar 7- Nisan 8- Abar 9- Haziran 10- Tamuz11-Ab12- Elol

 Tashreen Akhar, Nissan, Haziran, Elol, these four months have 30 days, all the rest are 31, except Shabat, which is 28 days and every fourth year is 29 days.

 Divine History:

 These are the months of divine history:

 1- Farvardin 2- Ardi 3- Behesht 4- Khurdad 5- Tir6- A Mardad 7- Shehr Po8- Mehr 9- Aban Dhe10- Bahman11- Asfandar

 This year began with the date of the procession of King Jalaluddin Akbar (ie 3 Rabi al-Thani 992 AH), it has real solar years.

 2-Astronomical history:

 The calendar, popularly known as Shakha, has the following names for its months:

 1-Pregnancy 2-Thor 3-Joza 4-Cancer 5-Asad 6-Virgo 7-Libra 8-Scorpio 9-Sagittarius 10-Serious 11-Heart 12

 3-Lunar date:

 Lunar history begins with Muharram, an Islamic history that is distinguished from other calendars in every way.